PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present Perfect Tense indicates the completion of an action that is recently completed. This tense shows that action starts in the past but complete by now. That means actions start in the past but currently, it has completed. it used to talk about the situations that have been taken place. That is why it is called the perfect tense. In perfect tense, we use the third form of the verb to show certain actions. Past perfect tense use had + past participle (the third form of the verb) to specific actions and behaviors. If you talk about its future state, we shall use shall have and will have. Now Let, s start this tense for deep understanding.

STRUCTURE OF PERFECT TENSE

There are some rules to be followed to make sentences through this tense. These rules should be followed to make a clear understanding. Here we will discuss some examples;

He has written the book (work has finished now)

He has not written the exam. (Negative form)

Has he written the book (Interrogative form)

Has he not written the book (interrogative and negative form)

They have gone to school

She has cooked the meal

They have finished the work

 

Above all sentences belong to the present perfect tense. There is one thing you should notice, that is the third form of the verb uses in each sentence. In previous tenses such as present indefinite and present continuous tense, we used first form and first form + ing. If you did not read these posts, you can read them here. Present indefinite, present continuous tense. These will give you a clear understanding of all tense.

 

Now look at the structure of the present perfect tense and consult the following table we start with the above examples.

 

Subject	Helping verb	The third form of the verb	Object
He	has	written	book
They	have	gone	school
She	has	cooked	meal
They	have	finished	work
He	has	came	home

WARNING

We will use ( have ) only with plural pronouns and countable pronouns such as They, and Those. Remember do not use have with singular pronouns. Only (Has) will be used with singular pronouns. Now countable Nouns are those which can be count. For example. Milk cannot be counted while men can be counted. So always use (has) only with HE, SHE, and IT.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

In the past perfect tense, we should use had instead of has and have. Had will be used irrespective of singular and plural pronouns. So let,s know about it through some examples.

He had written the book (work has finished in past)

They had gone to school

She had cooked the meal

They had finished the work

MORE USE OF PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past perfect tense shows the completion of an action in the past. It is also used to express an activity that is completed before another activity. Take some examples,

He had gone before I came.

He had taken his share before they came

The above two sentences show that work has been completed before the other one. Because when they came he has already taken his share.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Perfect tense also used in the future form. Under this category, some rules must be followed for getting deep knowledge regarding the future perfect tense. In this tense, will have and shall have, will be used. REMEMBER never ever use shall has or will has. There is no such concept exists of shall and will has in the English language. So be very careful before using them. Now we teach you through some examples.

I shall have completed my work by 12th September

I shall have slept before you come

They will have bought tickets before the train comes.

He will have washed the clothes by morning.

We did not use will has in the above examples. So you should have to follow the same rules for making future perfect tense. Further, its negative and interrogative structure is the same as we use it in the above present perfect tense example. For you, we are giving a table of the perfect tense. It is better to calculate it.

TABLE FOR PERFECT TENSE

Present Perfect Tense	Past Perfect Tense	Future Perfect Tense
He has written the book	He had written the book	He shall have written the book
They have done their job	They had done their job	They shall have done their job
She has cooked the meal	She had cooked the meal before they came	They shall have cooked the meal before they came
Children have gone to school	Children had gone to school	Children shall have gone to school